Pike Surname DNA Project

DNA Test Results

Currently our project has 137 participants, 131 of whom have had Y-DNA results reported by the lab. Several (but not all) of these results can be collected together in one of the following different groups:

   Group 1 : Pikes from Hampshire and Wiltshire, England

   Group 2 : Pikes of Carbonear, Newfoundland (previously from Poole, Dorset)

   Group 3 : Relatives of Abraham Pyke of Baltimore, Maryland

   Group 4 : Pikes from Nottingham, England

   Group 5 : Pikes from St. Mary's County, Maryland

   Group 6 : Relatives of James Pike of Charlestown and Reading, Massachusetts

   Group 7 : Relatives of Philip Pike (who emigrated from Manchester, England to Kittery, Maine)

   Group 8 : Pikes of Adair County, Kentucky and Edgefield County, South Carolina

   Group 9 : Descendants of Wesley Pike and Olivia Drake

   Group 10 : McPike, McPeak, and related surname variants

   Group 11 : Pikes from Virginia

   Group 12 : Pikes from Germany and Pennsylvania

   Group 13 : Pikes from Pimperne, Dorset

   Group 14 : Pikes from Truro, Massachusetts

   Group 15 : Pikes from Headcorn, Kent

   Group 16 : Relatives of Robert Pike who married Anny Anderson in 1781 at Fort Wilkinson, Pennsylvania
   Group 17 : Pikes from Bristol (Gloucestershire), Glyncorrwg (Wales), and the Burin Peninsula of Newfoundland

   Ungrouped Test Results

   Pending Test Results

Globally, the number of genetically different (and therefore unrelated) Pike family lines found so far is at least 46.

The number of genetically distinct Pike family lines that we have so far witnessed in the British Isles is at least 18.

Pike DNA results for the British Isles are visually summarised with the following map, in which each pushpin colour represents a distinct Pike family group. Labels on some of the pushpins in the map correspond to the family Group numbers used elsewhere on this page. White pushpins with a question mark are for DNA tests that are currently in progress.

Map of Pike Lineages in the British Isles

For information on how to participate in the project, click here.

We currently have several targetted sponsorships available, although our project's current balance for general sponsorships is $175. To donate, click here.

People who are curious about what else they might do with their test results might be interested in referring to this webpage.

The Pike Surname DNA Project is primarily using Y-DNA analysis to study paternal lineages, so the results of mitochondrial DNA testing are being reported on a separate "mtDNA Results" page.

Group 1: Pikes from Hampshire and Wiltshire, England

Approximately one quarter of the Pikes who have joined our project have been found to belong to one very large extended Pike family that dates back to sometime before 1600. Several of the family lines belonging to this group have been traced to Hampshire and Wiltshire [although there are other Pikes from Wiltshire who are not related to this group].

Of interest to some of our members with Irish roots, this group includes the renowned Quaker Pike family that held influence in Cork for several centuries.

Of interest to some of our American members, this group also includes Pikes who descend from John Pike who arrived in Massachusetts on 03 June 1635 (making him and his children the first documented Pikes in New England (at least to the best of my knowledge they were)). Note that Zebulon Montgomery Pike (1779-1813), who sighted Pikes Peak in Colorado in 1806, was a direct 4xgreat grandson of John and therefore would fit into this family group. Of the people presently in this group, several of them have traced their ancestry back to John, as illustrated in the following partial family tree. John had two sons, each of whom had three sons.

Each of the yellow squares in the figure below is for a participant of our DNA project. For reference, Zebulon Montgomery Pike has also been included in this partial family tree (he is represented by the blue square).

As can be seen in the above chart, many of the people in our "Group 1" are directly descended from John Pike who settled in Massachusetts in 1635. We are fortunate that John did not have just one son, but instead had two We have test results from descendants of each of John's two sons, which allows us figure out what most of John's marker values were most likely to have been. Doing this marker by marker, if a descendant of John's son John (such as Roy (31483)) and a descendant of John's other son Robert (such as Allen (33139)) have the same marker value, then it is most likely that this marker did not mutate in either line of descent, meaning that John also had this same value. For Roy and Allen, this is actually the case for each of the first 25 markers, so we can conclude that John most likely had these same marker values, which are displayed as the first "result" in the table of results presented a little further down this page.

Markers 26-37 are known to mutate at a slightly faster rate than markers 13-25 (which themselves tend to mutate more often than markers 1-12), so it's not terribly surprising that we see some genetic diversity among these markers. Still, for all but two of them, we can use matches among the results from descendants of both of John's sons to figure out what John's marker values probably were. The exceptions are for markers DYS-460 and DYS-CDY(b). In each of these cases we see that each of John's sons has descendants with different marker values, and so we are not yet able to determine John's values for these two particular markers.

The other participants in this group (who have no documented connection to John's family) lead us to some interesting discussion. For instance, several of them have a value of 24 for the marker DYS-390, yet among the known descendants of John we have only seen a value of 25. As yet we do not know how these people are related (but we know from the DNA results that they are related). One thing that is certain though is that some of the connections are very old. For instance, Jerry (74703) has Pike ancestry that goes back to a Richard Pike who was born in 1598. Jerry's Pike ancestors lived in Ireland from the early 1600s onwards, which means that his connection to John (who left England for Massachusetts in 1635) must be sometime in the 1500s or possibly even earlier.

The table below lists the full set of results for the people in "Group 1":

DYS Markers and Their Values

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67

Kit
Number Name
and
Pedigree Predicted
Haplogroup 3
9
3 3
9
0 3
9
4

* 3
9
1 3
8
5
(a) 3
8
5
(b) 4
2
6 3
8
8 4
3
9 3
8
9
(i) 3
9
2 3
8
9
(ii) 4
5
8 4
5
9
(a) 4
5
9
(b) 4
5
5 4
5
4 4
4
7 4
3
7 4
4
8 4
4
9 4
6
4
(a) 4
6
4
(b) 4
6
4
(c) 4
6
4
(d) 4
6
0 G
A
T
A
H4 Y
C
A
II
(a) Y
C
A
II
(b) 4
5
6
6
0
7
5
7
6
5
7
0
C
D
Y
(a) C
D
Y
(b) 4
4
2
4
3
8
5
3
1
5
7
8
3
9
5
S1
(a)
3
9
5
S1
(b)
5
9
0
5
3
7
6
4
1
4
7
2
4
0
6
S1
5
1
1
4
2
5
4
1
3
(a)
4
1
3
(b)
5
5
7
5
9
4
4
3
6
4
9
0
5
3
4
4
5
0
4
4
4
4
8
1
5
2
0
4
4
6
6
1
7
5
6
8
4
8
7
5
7
2
6
4
0
4
9
2
5
6
5

John R1a 13 25 15 10 11 14 12 10 10 14 11 33 15 9 10 11 11 25 14 19 33 12 14 14 17 11 19 23 15 16 18 20 34 13 11 11 8 17 17 8 12 10 8 11 10 12 22 22 15 10 12 12 13 8 14 23 22 12 12 11 13 11 11 14 13

Descendants of John's son John:

31483 Roy R1a 13 25 15 10 11 14 12 10 10 14 11 33 15 9 10 11 11 25 14 19 33 12 14 14 17 12 11 19 23 15 16 18 20 35 36 13 11 11 8 17 17 8 12 10 8 11 10 12 22 22 15 10 12 12 13 8 14 23 22 12 12 11 13 11 11 14 13

57262 Jeffrey R1a 13 25 15 10 11 14 12 10 10 14 11 33 15 9 10 11 11 25 14 19 34 12 14 14 17 11 11 19 23 15 16 20 20 34 37 13 11

62105 Spencer R1a 13 25 15 10 11 14 12 10 10 14 11 33

75905 Gary R1a 13 25 15 10 11 14 12 10 10 14 11 33

120385 Eugene R1a 13 25 15 10 11 14 12 10 10 14 11 34

129135 Larry R1a 13 25 15 10 11 14 12 10 10 14 11 33 15 9 10 11 11 25 14 19 33 12 14 14 17 12 11 19 23 16 16 18 20 35 37 13 11 11 8 17 17 8 12 10 8 11 10 12 22 22 15 10 12 12 13 8 14 23 22 12 12 11 13 11 11 14 13

Descendants of John's son Robert:

28267 Earl R1a 13 25 15 10 11 14 12 10 10 14 11 33 15 9 10 11 11 25 14 19 33 12 14 14 17 11 11 19 23 15 16 18 20 34 37 13 11 11 8 17 17 8 12 10 8 11 10 12 22 22 15 10 12 12 13 8 14 23 22 12 12 11 13 11 11 14 13

29676 Ronald R1a 13 25 15 10 11 14 12 10 10 14 11 33

30937 Dale R1a 13 25 15 10 11 14 12 10 10 14 11 33 15 9 10 11 11 25 14 19 33 12 14 14 17 12 11 19 23 16 16 18 20 34 36 12 11

33139 Allen R1a 13 25 15 10 11 14 12 10 10 14 11 33 15 9 10 11 11 25 14 19 33 12 14 14 17 12 11 19 23 16 16 18 20 34 36 13 11 11 8 17 17 8 12 10 8 11 10 12 22 22 15 10 12 12 13 8 14 24 22 12 12 11 13 11 11 14 13

48887 Ken & Karen R1a 13 25 15 10 11 14 12 10 10 14 11 32

61276 Ed R1a 13 25 15 10 11 15 12 10 10 14 11 33 15 9 10 11 11 25 14 19 33 12 14 14 17

70909 Roger R1a 13 25 15 10 11 14 12 10 10 14 11 33 15 9 10 11 11 25 14 19 33 12 14 14 17 12 11 19 23 15 16 17 19 34 37 13 11 11 8 17 17 8 12 10 8 11 10 12 22 22 15 10 12 12 13 8 14 23 22 12 12 11 13 11 11 14 13

93897 Richard In addition to the Y-DNA markers shown here, this person (or a close relative) has done a genome-wide DNA test at 23andMe. Click on the 23andMe logo to go to the website for 23andMe. R1a 13 25 15 10 11 15 12 10 10 14 11 32 15 9 10 11 11 25 14 19 33 12 14 14 17 11 11 19 23 15 16 18 20 34 37 13 11 11 8 17 17 8 12 10 8 11 10 12 22 22 15 10 12 12 13 8 14 23 22 12 12 11 13 11 11 14 13

Members of Group 1 who have no documented connection to John...

... with 25 for the second marker:

60124 R1a 13 25 15 10 11 14 12 10 10 14 11 33 15 9 10 11 11 25 14 18 33 12 14 14 17

61274 R1a 13 25 15 10 11 14 12 10 10 13 11 32 15 9 10 11 11 25 14 18 33 12 14 14 17

74703 Jerry R1a 13 25 15 10 10 14 12 10 10 14 11 33 15 9 10 11 11 25 14 19 33 12 14 14 17 11 11 19 23 15 16 18 20 34 37 13 11

79012 Lori R1a 13 25 15 10 11 14 12 10 10 14 11 32 15 9 10 11 11 25 14 19 33 12 14 14 17 11 11 19 23 15 16 18 20 34 38 13 11

80370 R1a 13 25 15 10 11 14 12 10 10 14 11 33 15 9 10 11 11 25 14 19 33 12 14 14 17 11 11 19 23 15 16 17 20 32 39 13 11 11 8 17 17 8 12 10 8 11 10 12 22 22 15 10 12 12 13 8 14 23 22 12 12 11 13 11 11 14 12

117096 Gary R1a 13 25 15 10 11 14 12 10 10 14 11 32

120594 Alan R1a 13 25 15 10 11 14 12 10 10 14 11 33 15 9 10 11 11 25 14 19 33 12 14 14 17 12 11 19 23 15 16 18 20 35 37 13 11 11 8 17 17 8 12 10 8 11 10 12 22 22 15 10 12 12 13 8 14 23 22 12 12 11 13 11 11 14 13

131446 Pam/Ross R1a 13 25 15 10 11 14 12 10 10 14 11 33 15 9 10 11 11 25 14 19 33 12 14 14 17 12 11 19 23 15 16 18 20 34 38 13 11

144111 Richard R1a 13 25 15 10 11 14 12 10 10 14 11 33 15 9 10 11 11 25 14 19 33 12 14 14 17 12 11 19 23 15 16 18 20 34 38 13 11

161346 13 25 15 10 11 14 12 10 10 14 11 33 15 9 10 11 11 25 14 18 33 12 14 14 17 12 11 19 23 15 16 18 20 34 37 13 11

... with 24 for the second marker:

24697 Peggy/John R1a 13 24 15 10 11 14 12 10 10 14 11 33 15 9 10 11 11 25 14 19 33 12 14 14 17 12 11 19 23 15 16 18 19 34 37 13 11 11 8 17 17 8 12 10 8 11 10 12 22 22 15 10 12 12 13 8 14 23 22 12 12 11 13 11 11 14 13

32721 R1a 13 24 15 10 11 14 12 10 10 13 11 32 15 9 10 11 11 25 14 19 33 12 14 14 16 12 11 19 23 15 16 18 19 34 37 13 11

50318 Roger R1a 13 24 15 10 11 14 12 10 10 13 11 32 15 9 10 11 11 25 14 19 33 12 14 14 17 12 11 19 23 15 16 18 20 33 37 13 11 11 8 17 17 8 12 10 8 11 10 12 22 22 15 10 12 12 13 8 14 23 22 12 12 11 13 11 11 14 13

62921 James R1a 13 24 15 10 11 14 12 10 10 14 11 33 15 9 10 11 11 25 14 19 33 12 14 14 16

121686 R1a 13 24 15 9 11 14 12 10 11 14 11 33 15 9 10 11 11 25 14 19 33 12 14 14 16

131559 R1a 13 24 15 10 11 14 12 10 10 14 11 33 15 9 10 11 11 25 14 19 33 12 14 14 16 12 11 19 23 15 16 18 19 34 37 13 11

132584 Harry R1a 13 24 15 10 11 14 12 10 10 14 11 33 15 9 10 11 11 25 14 19 33 12 14 14 16 12 11 19 23 15 16 18 19 35 37 13 11

N51451 Brian R1a 13 24 15 9 11 14 12 10 10 14 11 33

* DYS-394 is sometimes also called DYS-19.

Roy (31483) has had his Y-DNA Haplogroup confirmed to be R1a.

Group 2: Pikes of Carbonear, Newfoundland (previously from Poole, Dorset)

This group includes Pikes who have documented lineages that go back to the town of Carbonear, Newfoundland, as well as Pikes with matching DNA test results. Pikes have been in Carbonear since at least 1681 but the church records for the area don't start up until around 1800, so it is a daunting challenge to determine how/if the various Pikes of Newfoundland are related to one another. It is generally believed that the Pikes of Carbonear emigrated from Poole, Dorset.

In particular, Thomas Pike, a mariner of Poole, wrote a will in 1703 (click here to read a transcript of it) just prior to sailing to Newfoundland. Note also that Thomas bequeathed property in Newfoundland to his sons Thomas and John. Thomas jr lived at Poole but was a Newfoundland Planter and a Merchant by trade. It isn't now known where John lived, although at least some of his children had connections to Newfoundland as well. Some of John's descendants were known to be living in Gravesend, Kent in 1900 (if you descend from these Gravesend Pikes, please email David at dapike@mun.ca).

Incidentally, mariner Thomas died in 1704 and his son William became an apprentice at Portsmouth. William subsequently entered the brewing industry and became quite wealthy. William had two daughters who married into the Bonham and Carter families, several descendants of which now carry the compound "Bonham Carter" surname.

The following mini family tree shows what is known of the Pike lineages for some of the members of "Group 2". It is suspected (but not yet proved) that the great grandfather of Philip (kit 27777) is the same person as the great great grandfather of participant #72548.

It warrants noting that there may well be other Pike lines in Carbonear as well as elsewhere in Newfoundland that do not belong within "Group 2". It will take several more DNA tests from Newfoundland Pikes before we can see the full picture of which Newfoundland Pike lines are related and which are not. Some Pike family lines from the Carbonear area that are not yet represented in our project (as of October 2009) are:

descendants of Timothy & Patience Pike who moved from Carbonear to Channel between 1839 and 1842
descendants of James Pike & Caroline Ash who moved from Carbonear to Flat Islands, Bonavista Bay in the 1840s
descendants of Thomas & Margaret Pike who settled at Bonne Bay, but lived at Harbour Grace in the 1850s
descendants of Christopher & Prudence Pike of Carbonear (their son Josiah moved to Barrington, Shelburne County, Nova Scotia in 1867 or 1868)
descendants of Samuel Pike (c.1782 - 1844) of Clowns Cove and/or Freshwater

If you descend from one of the families listed above, or from any other Pike family in Newfoundland, then please feel welcome to join the project. Likewise, if you descend from Pikes at Poole or Portsmouth, we would be especially happy to have you in the project.

The Y-DNA markers for the members of "Group 2" are shown below:

David (23996) has had his Y-DNA Haplogroup confirmed to be R1b-L21 and has also found that his DYS464 results have a rare "cccc" configuration.

Group 3: Relatives of Abraham Pyke of Baltimore, Maryland

Abraham Pyke was born in either Pennsylvania or Maryland, sometime in the 1790s. His parentage is unclear, though it has been reported that he is the illegitimate son of a maid (whose identity is unknown) and an English businessman in Baltimore. Census records reveal that there was a Pyke living in Baltimore who could be Abraham's father (this man was also named Abraham; he was the owner of a cigar factory in Baltimore, and died on 2 April 1841).

Both Ralph (kit S001) and Faye's cousin (kit 48264) both descend from Abraham. Further, both are perfect matches with the very common 12-marker Western/Atlantic Modal Haplotype (WAMH).

The marker values listed for Ralph (kit S001) have some odd gaps because they were not provided by FamilyTreeDNA. In this case the genetic testing was done by the Sorenson Molecular Genealogy Foundation, which does not test the same set of markers that FamilyTreeDNA does.

Group 4: Pikes from Nottingham, England

This group of Pikes has ancestry from Keyworth and Plumtree in Nottinghamshire. Included within this group are descendants of William Pike who settled in South Africa in 1820. An online family tree that suggests who several of William's ancestors were can be found here.

Group 5: Pikes from St. Mary's County, Maryland

In October/November 1633, the Ark and the Dove set sail with about 300 passengers (mostly Catholic) who had boarded at Gravesend (in Kent, east of London) and Cowes (on the Isle of Wight). Among them was a Robert Pike. The Ark and the Dove landed in what is now St. Mary's County, Maryland on or about New Year's Day (25 March) 1634.

William James Pike was born in St. Mary's County in the early 1760s. He moved to Kentucky, where he married Susannah Mills in 1791. William and Susannah had 10 children, including six sons (Nicholas, Joseph, John, Bernard, Ignatius, and Stephen). Currently we have two descendants of Joseph (namely Roger, with kit number 33184, and Kenneth (87449)) and also one descendant of Bernard (namely John, 61290) involved in our project, as shown in the partial family tree below.

As shown in the table below, each of their DNA results are a near perfect match.

Group 6: Relatives of James Pike of Charlestown and Reading, Massachusetts

James Pike arrived at Charlestown, Massachusetts in or before 1647. A very good reference for James' family is the book "Some Descendants of James Pike of Charlestown and Reading, Massachusetts and The Times in Which They Lived" written by Ruth G Pike in 1990. Quoting from page 2 of Ruth's book, she writes about James' time in Charlestown:

The earliest record placing him there is that of the birth of his firstborn: Spight, James, sonne of James Spight, borne 1 (11) 1646 (or by the revised calendar, 1 Jan. 1647).

By 1654 James had moved to Reading, Massachusetts, but is noted to still be a member of the Charlestown church as of 1683. James possibly had two wives, named Naomi and Sarah. James' five children were: James (born 1646 or 1647 in Charlestown), Jeremiah (likely born about 1649; no record of his birth is known), John (born 1653 in Reading), Zachariah (born 1658; lived to adulthood but seems to have not married), and Mary (no record of her birth is known).

As shown in the partial family tree depicted below, we currently have a small number of participants with paper-trail genealogies that go back to James. We've been puzzled by some of the DNA results from this group, largely because several of the initial 12-marker results appeared to not be genetic matches. For instance, Jean's cousin (61292) and Russell (83604) differ on 3 of their first 12 markers.

However, with the benefit of some upgrades, etc, it's now looking more as though Jean and Russell might just be at extreme ends of the spectrum of what's become of James' original genetic signature, now that it's had some 400 years of time to undergo mutations among his descendants. That Kevin (96201) has a 12-marker signature that is in between that of Jean and Russell helps to bridge the gap that first seemed to exist between them. So do other "in between" results from people who are stuck in their genealogies without establishing a connection to James (such as Karen, Stuart, and Ronald).

Nevertheless, there is still at least one mystery to be solved, since Gilbert (62731) has results that are sufficiently different from Jean and Russell that we can be confident that there is a genetic mismatch. This suggests that there may have been an error in somebody's genealogical reserach, or perhaps there has been an undocumented adoption in the family. However, since Gilbert does genetically match with Jesse (69482), if the cause for the mismatch is in Gilbert's ancestral line, then it would have happened long enough ago to also affect Jesse's Pike lineage.

Obtaining additional DNA results from other members of James' family will help to confirm and refine our understanding of the genetic relationships involved.

Group 7: Relatives of Philip Pike (who emigrated from Manchester, England to Kittery, Maine)

The earliest known ancestor for this group is Philip Pike who emigrated from Manchester, Lancashire to Kittery, Maine sometime in the late 1600s or very early in the 1700s (he was at Kittery by 1705).

A second branch of this family has been found in the southern USA, with its earliest known ancestor being Lewis Pike who was born about 1745 at Caswell County, North Carolina.

As yet we do not know just how these two related family branches are connected to each other.

Group 8: Pikes of Adair County, Kentucky and Edgefield County, South Carolina

The origin of this Pike line remains something of a mystery to us. To date we have encountered a number of branches of this Pike family, but have not yet been able to figure out how they fit together into a family tree. The earliest known Pikes within this family cluster are:

Thomas Pike, who died in 1840 in Kentucky. Family lore says that Thomas came to the USA along with a brother named Preston, but this has yet to be confirmed. What is known is that Thomas was resident in Adair County by the time of the 1810 census, along with his wife and several children.
John Pike, born before 1775, and who died in Robertson County, Tennessee in 1824
John W Pike, born about 1766 at Edgefield County, South Carolina

Anybody with an interest in this family group is encouraged to get in touch with Carrie Olson at

Group 9: Descendants of Wesley Pike and Olivia Drake

Group 10: McPike, McPeak, and related variants

Group 11: Pikes from Virginia

Group 12: Pikes from Germany and Pennsylvania

Group 13: Pikes from Pimperne, Dorset

Group 14: Pikes from Truro, Massachusetts

Group 15: Pikes from Headcorn, Kent

Group 16: Relatives of Robert Pike who married Anny Anderson in 1781 at Fort Wilkinson, Pennsylvania

Group 17: Pikes from Bristol (Gloucestershire), Glyncorrwg (Wales), and the Burin Peninsula of Newfoundland

Ungrouped Test Results

Listed in the table below are all Pike results that match no other project participants. Also listed are participants for whom results are not yet available.

The table below contains the complete set of ungrouped test results, sorted according to their predicted haplogroup. Also included are rows for newcomers whose tests are currently in progress.

	Group 1 :	Pikes from Hampshire and Wiltshire, England
	Group 2 :	Pikes of Carbonear, Newfoundland (previously from Poole, Dorset)
	Group 3 :	Relatives of Abraham Pyke of Baltimore, Maryland
	Group 4 :	Pikes from Nottingham, England
	Group 5 :	Pikes from St. Mary's County, Maryland
	Group 6 :	Relatives of James Pike of Charlestown and Reading, Massachusetts
	Group 7 :	Relatives of Philip Pike (who emigrated from Manchester, England to Kittery, Maine)
	Group 8 :	Pikes of Adair County, Kentucky and Edgefield County, South Carolina
	Group 9 :	Descendants of Wesley Pike and Olivia Drake
	Group 10 :	McPike, McPeak, and related surname variants
	Group 11 :	Pikes from Virginia
	Group 12 :	Pikes from Germany and Pennsylvania
	Group 13 :	Pikes from Pimperne, Dorset
	Group 14 :	Pikes from Truro, Massachusetts
	Group 15 :	Pikes from Headcorn, Kent
	Group 16 :	Relatives of Robert Pike who married Anny Anderson in 1781 at Fort Wilkinson, Pennsylvania
	Group 17 :	Pikes from Bristol (Gloucestershire), Glyncorrwg (Wales), and the Burin Peninsula of Newfoundland
	Ungrouped Test Results
	Pending Test Results